Career guidance at APIIT
Importance of choosing the right education
and career
Good higher education is designed to unravel
one's full potential. Often, this leads to
forging a rewarding career.
However, determining what's best for us is
no easy task. The vast majority of students
in Sri Lanka leave school with only a vague
idea of employment opportunities and with
little insight as to the most appropriate
career direction for their abilities,
interests and personality. They need
guidance and counselling to select the
appropriate higher education programmes and
careers.
Each of us has a unique combination of
skills, interests, aptitudes, personality
traits, strengths and weaknesses. To fully
develop our potential through higher
education we must first take the necessary
time to become aware of the many facets of
our personality.
It has been reported that as many as 80%
Americans are in the wrong jobs with regard
to their skills and abilities. They feel
'stuck' in their jobs with poor morale,
disinterest and de-motivation. This is an
eventuality we must avoid at all costs.
Discovering ourselves is a key first step in
determining what career path to develop in
life and hence what kind of higher education
to pursue.
There are several ways to find out more
about your skills, interests and aptitude,
and to match those to a future career and
higher education. Not all are equally
helpful though and there are pros and cons
of each approach.
'Trial and error' is a common approach
adopted to assess our capabilities. Many
students follow study programmes hoping that
they would be able to enjoy such programmes
and develop appropriate careers in line with
the training received. More often than not,
such trial and error results in a mismatch
between one's aptitude and the job.
Often the decision to pursue a study
programme and a related career is made on
the basis of job prospects. Nowadays, for
example, there is so much talk about the
shortage of manpower for the IT industry.
But then, is IT a good career for us? We
need to find out. Availability of jobs is an
important parameter provided that the jobs
are also in line with our aptitude and
interests.
Sometimes we receive recommendations from
our friends and relations. Unfortunately
this well-meaning guidance is based on
judgments made from within their own frame
of reference which may not be relevant for
us.
For example, there is social pressure in our
country to become doctors and engineers and
many succumb to such compulsions. Some
would regret these hasty decisions later on
and try to wriggle out of the boring jobs
they find themselves in to pursue careers
they can really enjoy. Unfortunately, only
a few succeed at such attempts and that too
after wasting lots of time and money.
It is therefore advisable to seek the
guidance of professional career counsellors.
The career guidance counsellors can provide
information about various study programmes
and careers available and may also help you
to explore yourself.
The counsellors at APIIT - Sri Lanka are
well informed about the study programmes on
offer at APIIT and the careers they lead
to. They can assist you to match your
interests and aptitude to the demands of the
study programmes and related careers and
help you make an informed decision.
Selection of study programmes to suit one's
interests and strengths often leads to
successful completion of higher education
and rewarding careers.
If you are keen to pursue a career in IT/
Computing or Business Management, this is
your opportunity. Call Senani, Kanchana or
Jayan on 011 2675060 to make an appointment
for a career guidance and counselling
session and select an appropriate higher
education programme to suit your likes and
dislikes. You may also visit the APIIT City
Campus at Union Place, Colombo 2 to meet
with a counsellor.
The APIIT City Campus is open on weekdays
from 8.30 am to 5 pm and on Saturdays from
8.30 am to 1 pm.
Globally recognised, career enhancing
Australian MBA at Oxford
Oxford College of Business has strongly
emerged as a topmost tertiary and higher
education institute in Sri Lanka earning
local and international fame and popularity.
Sited in a central and convenient location
in the heart of Colombo at Colpetty, the
magnetic attraction of the institute
consistently draws a large student
population of diverse age groups,
essentially for the large selection of
courses on offer.
Last September,
Oxford College
launched the MBA programme in affiliation
with the Australian Institute of Business
Administration, a top notch private higher
education provider in Australia approved by
the government of Australia.
Oxford
has been successfully conducting the MBA
programme since last September providing
best service and care to their MBA students.
MBA
The Global nature of modern business has
sharpened the need for professionalism in
management, and universities and business
schools offer MBA programmes that reflect
this reality. Organisations are aware that
narrow professional qualifications or
functional skills are not enough for success
in a business environment
One way to kick start a career is to take a
Masters of Business Administration (MBA).
With the speed of business activities
accelerating in the global marketplace,
people need to be more commercially aware
than ever. The MBA qualification is a well
established route to gain the necessary
skills and knowledge.
According to the latest career and salary
survey, the salaries of MBA graduates have
risen consistently over the past few years.
The survey also shows that respondents
receive both immediate and lasting career
enhancement following their studies.
The reputation of the institution from which
the MBA is gained is crucial. Employers do
not simply ask whether an applicant has an
MBA - they also want to know from where it
was obtained.
An MBA can help you in consolidating your
business knowledge and reach new
professional heights.
Gibaran Learning Group (GLG)
GLG is a leading private higher education
group based in Australia, specialising in
management development and the delivery of
business education, including undergraduate,
postgraduate and research qualifications.
The GLG consists of four higher education
providers - Gibaran Graduate School of
Business, Entrepreneurship Institute
Australia, Tourism Institute Australia and
Australian Institute of Business
Administration.
Qualifications offered by AIBA are
accredited within the Australian
Qualifications Framework (AQF) and are
deemed to have the same standing as similar
qualifications issued by an Australian
university.
Based in South Australia, GLG has more than 20 education centres around the globe
in 14 countries, including the
UK, Singapore and Malaysia.
Australian Institute of Business
Administration (AIBA)
AIBA delivers undergraduate and postgraduate
qualifications with a diverse range of
specialisations that reflect the current and
forecasted global business environment.
The qualifications provided by AIBA are
registered under the Commonwealth Register
of Institutions and Courses for Overseas
Students (CRICOS).
CRICOS is a register of educational
institutions that have met a set of quality
assurance requirements to offer courses to
international students. The MBA is fully
accredited within the prestigious Australian
Qualification Framework - making the
qualification recognised globally.
The AIBA is listed on the South Australian
Higher Education Register and the Australian
Qualification Framework Advisory Board's
register of bodies with authority to issue
qualifications.
Innovative 12 month MBA model
Many of the most highly ranked universities
including Oxford and Cambridge offer a 12
month MBA programme.
GLG has been offering 12 month MBA
programmes internationally for a number of
years through its teaching centres with high
degrees of success in terms of enrolments,
completion rates and graduate outcomes.
Same content, shorter duration
The 12 month MBA contains similar content to
most Australian and international university
courses, confirmed by the fact that the MBA
is fully accredited. The intensive structure
of the course forgoes term and semester
breaks, which in traditional MBA models
constitutes a substantial amount of time
during the course.
Independent learning material
AIBA provides significant amounts of
independent learning material including
reading material and articles, in addition
to the core text for each subject. AIBA also
provides MBA students access to their online
resources.
Intensive workshops (face to face)
Rather than delivering each subject over a
series of one or two hour classes per term,
the 12 month MBA is offered over eight
intensive workshop days per month. This
allows students to plan their year in
advance and accelerates the learning
process.
Classes are held on weekends only to suite
the requirements of working executives.
One subject each month
The 12 month MBA is offered as one subject
per month. This means that students need to
focus on just one subject at a time, in
addition to their usual personal and
professional obligations. The fact that the
examination is just a month away from the
start of each subject has contributed to
high completion rates, as the students are
continuously motivated.
12 month MBA faculty
The faculty is academically highly
qualified, with each member holding a
Masters or Doctoral Degree in their area of
specialisation.
AIBA also requires teaching staff to have
held a senior position in an organisation
for a number of years in their area of
specialisation, with most currently holding
significant full-time positions.
The benefit for students is that the
knowledge being shared by these faculty
members is current, and the most accurate
reflection of industry as it stands today.
Structure and duration
The course is divided into three equal
stages being the Graduate Certificate stage,
the Graduate Diploma stage and the MBA
stage. Each stage consists of four subjects,
each delivered over four months.
Subjects
The 12 month MBA consists of 12 exciting and
highly relevant subjects which are greatly
in demand in today's business world,
designed by business leaders for future
business leaders.
The MBA comprises 12 subjects, including
eight core subjects (which include a final
project) and four elective subjects (based
on the specialisation you choose). The
school is currently offering the General MBA
and specialisation in Finance, HRM and
Marketing.
Assessment
AIBA's emphasis on application as well as
the related theory in each area of business
is reflected through its unique assessment
strategy for the 12 month MBA:
For each subject (other than the final
project)
1. One open book examination (80%); and
2. One assignment (20%)
For the final project, students will
undertake a project which addresses an issue
of strategic or functional importance to an
organisation of their choice.
The prestigious MBA is a unique opportunity
for those who are eager to embark upon this
route of study and extending their
knowledge base in the context of global
business.
More information could be obtained by
contacting the programme coordinator on
4947791 or 0773612555.
Top CIM (UK) officials visit Sri Lanka
A top level delegation from the Chartered
Institute of Marketing (UK) including the
Director - Education, Professor Keith
Fletcher; Regional Director - Education, Ian
Marshall and the Head of Education, Susan
Ward, visited Sri Lanka recently. The
objective of the visit was to study the Sri
Lankan market; more importantly to build
awareness of the new syllabus, which is
effective from this month.
In order to familiarise the tutors with the
syllabus revisions, a seminar was held on
May 14 at Water's Edge, attended by over 40
lecturers representing the CIM Accredited
Study Centers in the country. The new
syllabus will be introduced phase by phase.
To begin with, the assignment based
evaluation will be introduced for the CIM
Professional Certificate in Marketing from
December 2008. The new assessment system
will train students to think more
"out-of-the-box" thereby meeting the
requirements of the industry while being
more competitive in the job market.
The UK officials, accompanied by the
Chairman, CIM Sri Lanka Region, Shiraz
Latiff, Head of Education, Ajith Medis and
Head of Operations, Priyanthi Seneviratne
from the CIM Sri Lanka Region met Dr. Uditha
Liyanage, Director, Postgraduate Institute
of Management (PIM) to discuss the Senior
Managers Programme that will be lunched in
2009, in collaboration with PIM.
The Chartered Institute of Marketing Sri
Lanka Region also organised a get-together
at the Ceylon Continental Hotel for the
University Deans to coincide with the UK
officials' visit. Vice chancellors,
university deans and senior lecturers
representing the Eastern, Kelaniya, Ruhuna,
Sabaragamuwa, Sri Jayawardenapura and
Wayamba Universities participated in the
event.
The UK delegation also visited some of the
CIM accredited study centres. Prof. Keith
Fletcher, speaking of the tour, mentioned
that it had been a pleasure to see how
marketing as a profession is being developed
in Sri Lanka, being an example to the entire
South Asian region. He congratulated the CIM
Sri Lanka Region, CIM Accredited Tuition
Centres and all CIM members for their
contribution to this development.
The Chartered Institute of Marketing is the
world's largest and most prestigious
professional body for marketing and the
Chartered Institute of Marketing Sri Lanka
Region is the fastest growing CIM body, with
nearly 1080 members and almost 3000 student
members.
NSF celebrates 40 years of service in
science
The National Science Foundation (NSF)
celebrated its 40th anniversary recently.
During this period, the foundation has
rendered yeoman service in the development
of science and technology in Sri Lanka.
To mark this special occasion, a ceremony
was held at the institute with the Minister
of Science and Technology, Professor Tissa
Vitharana attending as the Guest of Honour.
The event, attended by many distinguished
guests, also incorporated a felicitation
ceremony for staff who had served the
institution for more than 20 years. Former
directors and scientists were honoured for
their contributions to the NSF and to the
development of science in the country.
At the ceremony, the Minister commended the
National Science Foundation for its active
contribution to the advancement of
scientific research in Sri Lanka. In his
speech the Minister Vitharana highlighted
the importance of developing science and
scientific research in order to strengthen
the economic and social development of the
country.
The Minister commended the efforts
undertaken by the National Science
Foundation in leading the recent national
nanotechnology initiative which could pave
the way towards the development of
telecommunication, apparels, water
purification, and agro-based industries. At
the ceremony, the institute was also
acknowledged for supporting ground breaking
work in the areas of DNA technology, natural
products and landmine detection.
However, he also highlighted the constraints
faced by the institute as well as the
ministry due to lack of funds allocated by
past and present governments in their annual
budgets. This has proven to be a constraint
for furthering research untaken by the
National Science Foundation.
Thus far, the institute has supported its
research and findings entirely on public
funds. If sufficient funds were provided for
the institute for its scientific research,
it is then possible to address pressing
issues faced by the country at present and
to seek long term alternatives for them, it
was pointed out.
Established as a statutory body by an Act of
Parliament in1994, the National Science
Foundation succeeded the Natural Resource,
Energy and Science Authority (NARESA),
established in 1981, which in turn succeeded
the National Science Council, established in
1968. Some of the key objectives of NSF are
to promote research, development and
innovation in order to create a
knowledge-based economy by building
public-private, institution-industry
partnerships, with a view to strengthening
scientific research potential, developing
natural resources, promoting the welfare of
people in the country, and by training
research personnel in science and
technology.
OSC's Class of 2008 graduates
Twenty five students from 15 different
countries graduated from the Overseas School
of Colombo recently. This was the 25th
graduation in the school's 51 year history.
"The Class of 2008 represents the school
motto of 'Unity in Diversity' and in fact we
have Australia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh,
Canada, India, Italy, Germany, Malaysia,
Maldives, Mauritius, South Africa, Sri
Lanka, Switzerland, UK and USA,
represented," said Head of School, Laurie
McLellan.
After lighting the traditional oil lamp to
the accompaniment of Kandyan musicians, the
speeches began. The opening speech was made
by Lavanya Jeyaratnam who was chosen by her
peers to speak on behalf of the Class of
2008. Her speech was followed by the faculty
speaker, chosen by the students.
The Head of English used Dante's Inferno as
the core of his speech in which he
encouraged graduates never to be indifferent
about important issues. The guest speaker
who gave the commencement address was MD of
North Indian Ocean Trading (Pvt) Ltd., Rex
Hatherley. He encouraged students to take
risks and find the one passion they enjoy
most and try to work in that area.
A musical interlude saw the class of 2008,
ably led by Candido Bousquet, sing Stand By
Me. The valedictorian address was given by
Saliya Ranchagoda, a scholarship student who
managed to score the highest marks of the
graduating class. Saliya used humour to
compare the differences between a more
traditional Sri Lankan education and the IB
education at OSC.
Students at OSC graduate with a fully
accredited American style High School
Diploma and the vast majority also achieve
the International Baccalaureate Diploma; the
best access to quality universities
throughout the world. OSC has been offering
the IB Diploma for 25 years with many
teachers being examiners and trainers. This
clearly benefited the Class of 2008.
One interesting fact about this small
graduating class was that there were two
sets of twins: Anuradha and Amanada
Illeperumaarachchi as well as Shohane and
Shevon Vannitamby. The graduates are heading
off to universities in Australia, Canada,
India, Singapore, South Africa, UK and USA.
Bachelor degrees through Blended Learning -
e-learning + classroom
Singapore Informatics - bringing education
to your desktop
Imagine, your are a programmer, with
deadlines almost weekly or daily, working
round the clock, which demands frequent late
evening/nights of code churning and
debugging and still you want a degree.
Picture yourself as a vice
president/director of a multinational
corporation. Now you feel it is the right
time for an MBA but with meetings today in
Colombo, tomorrow in the Middle East and
next day in Tokyo, a programme with fixed
class room schedules does not suit you, so
what are your alternatives?
Say you are not a senior executive but just
after your A/L working for a BPO - a five
day job but on a shift /roster basis, what
about your higher studies - are you to take
leave constantly for your studies or swap
your shifts with your colleagues, if so for
how long?
All this is not hypothetical; in today's
knowledge economy work does not get confined
from morning 8 to evening 5 when you work
with multinationals or multinational
companies across different time zones - some
times you might find yourself telecommuting
(working from home) or teleconferencing with
your subordinate. For him it may be his work
time but it can be your off time or vice
versa - finding time within a fixed work
schedule in today's context is extremely
difficult.
The answer then is e-learning. You may ask
or wonder. is it just another form of
'distance learning'? Of course it is... but
it is the 'contemporary counterpart' of
distance learning. It has been able to
change the whole experience of distance
learning.
The pioneer e-learning provider in Sri
Lanka, Singapore Informatics, a 100%-owned
venture of Informatics Education has been at
the forefront of this change.
Informatics Education is a leading training
and education provider listed on the
Singapore Stock Exchange. Informatics
Holdings Limited is a world class institute
for quality lifelong learning services and
made the ranking among Forbes' Global 200
Best Small Companies in the world.
Singapore Informatics started its e-learning
degree programme way back in 2002. Todate
Singapore Informatics has produced hundreds
of graduates and master degree holders.
Singapore Informatics' e-learning programme
strength is basically driven from its
supplementary industry competent lecture
panel, its infrastructure, its excellence in
education over a decade, apart from its core
strength of being a partner of the world's
largest e-learning training provider
PurpleTrain.com.
Singapore Informatics offers e-learning mode
degree programmes both in business and
computing with leading universities like
University of Portsmouth and University of
Wales etc.
PurpleTrain.com is the e-learning service
provider which offers a one-stop service for
business and IT education programmes,
corporate training courses and
education-related services.
By combining innovative technology with
world-class training content,
PurpleTrain.com offers companies and
individuals a high value, quality and
effective on-line training solution. Over
700 on-line courses are available, offering
masters, degrees, diplomas and certificates
in business and IT programmes. Its online
learning community now stands at over 72,000
users.
PurpleTrain.com is a 100%-owned venture of
Informatics Education.
Here are six reasons why should you study
your degree programme at Singapore
Informatics:
1. Singapore Informatics is the pioneer
e-learning programme that started way back
in 2002 for Degree and Masters programmes in Sri Lanka
2. It is not only e-learning - Singapore
Informatics provides more direct contact
hours
with the resource personnel/lecturers than some of the
fully taught programmes
3. Globally every module is facilitated by
a facilitator through online chats,
discussion
rooms and private e-mails resulting in immense convenience
and flexibility
4. Rich variety of course materials -hard
copies and soft copies, PowerPoint
slides, etc. accessible 24X7X365
5. It is powered by PurpleTrain.com the
largest online training provider outside of
USA
6. Here in Sri Lanka at Singapore
Informatics, through e-learning mode you
will encounter
only a small fraction of the cost (less than 25 %) to get the
same degree as you
would get on campus.
Courses offered via PurpleTrain .Com:
University of Portsmouth Programmes
BSc (Hons) in Computing
* BSc (Hons) in Technology Management &
Computing
* BSc in Computing - six months degree
* MSc in Strategic Business and IT
University of Wales Programmes
* BSc (Hons) in Business Administration (
Marketing)
* Master of Business Administration
* MSc in Business Information Technology
To meet a professional counselor to analyse
your educational prospects call over at
their office at Second Floor, Liberty Plaza.
Colombo 3 or call on 2564796/7 4710650.
Busy executives, senior mangers and CEOs who
are eager to be qualified with an MBA or an
MSc., but finding time to attend classes
being a major drawback, Singapore
Informatics offers a solution with its study
anytime, anywhere through e-learning
programmes.
Intakes are now open for MBA and MSc
streams.
SLT support for CIMA World Conference
Sri Lanka Telecom was the platinum sponsor
of the CIMA World Conference 2008. The World
Conference is CIMA Sri Lanka's flagship
conference as well as one of the premier
events hosted in the country.
"We understand what it is like to support a
good cause. This is why we are glad to
partner with CIMA in its efforts to empower
professionalism, presenting top-notch
professionals at the CIMA World Summit 2008.
We take this opportunity to reassure Sri
Lanka's professionals, our firm commitment
to support professionalism through a
comprehensive communication network.
"We will always run the extra mile to
support professionals by providing them with
state-of-the-art communication solutions.
Our aim is to raise the standards of
professionalism throughout Sri Lanka,
through a reliable and robust communications
backbone," said Chairperson, SLT, Leisha De
Silva Chandrasena at the inaugural event.
SriLankan assists in education of its
employees' children
SriLankan Airlines has expanded its
programme to provide scholarships to its
employees' children, redoubling its efforts
to assist in their education.
Head of Human Resources Pradeepa Dahanayake
said: "SriLankan Airlines is fully committed
towards assisting our nation's future
generation. We have significantly increased
the number of scholarships for children in
the SriLankan family."
SriLankan has made the education of children
throughout the country its focus in CSR
activities, including that of its charity
arm SriLankan Cares.
The widening of the scholarship programme
saw three scholarships being awarded to the
finest performing children at the Year 5
Scholarship Examination, increased from the
earlier single scholarship per year, by the
Staff Welfare Society of SriLankan Airlines.
Each of the three Year 5 winners will
receive an annual financial grant throughout
the rest of their school careers, through
O-levels and A-levels.
Another addition was the presenting of cash
prizes and gift packs to 10 students who
obtained eight A's at the GCE Ordinary Level
Examination. In addition, another 30
children who passed the Year 5 Exam were
presented gift packs.
Master Isuru Anuradha Perera of
Ranpokunugama Maha Vidyalaya in Nittambuwa,
scored the highest ever number of marks by a
SriLankan Airlines child since the inception
of the Scholarship Programme in 2000. His
score of 191 beat the 186 marks by Sashi
Sewwandi, in the very first year of the
programme. His mother, Sajeewa Perera, is at
the airline's International Aviation
Academy.
Sajeewa Perera said: "The company provides
wonderful support for children of employees.
The recent expansion of the number of
scholarships is most welcome, as more and
more children will receive support."
Nithya Pramod Biyanwila of St. John Bosco's
College in Kaluaggala, came in second with a
score of 186. Chetha Sahan Bandara of
Isipathana College in Colombo was third with
183 marks.
Gamini Pathiratne, Secretary of the Staff
Welfare Society, said: "Our concept is to
encourage our children to pursue their
studies, by showing them that SriLankan
Airlines is fully supportive of them."
HR candidate awarded scholarship in Japan
Kalum R. Disnaka, employee services manager
of Suntel Ltd., was recently selected to be
awarded a scholarship for the Asia Personnel
Manager Training Programme 2008 in Japan.
MD, Suntel Ltd., Jeremy Huxtable commenting
on this achievement said "This is the second
time that a Sri Lankan candidate has been
selected for this programme and the
management and I would like to congratulate
as well as commend Kalum Disnaka for his
achievement. Having had seven years of prior
experience in the field of Human Resources
Management, Kalum continues to excel in
performing his duties as well as display a
high level of competency and commitment to
his job. He has proved to be exceptionally
capable at human resources leadership and
management, no doubt a result of his
experience and knowledge in the field."
The scholarship offered to Disnaka by the
NIPPON-KEIDANREN International Cooperation
Center (NICC) through the Employers
Federation of Ceylon (EFC) is awarded to
one Sri Lankan per year and provides the
selected candidate with the opportunity to
participate in a seven month long workshop
in Japan.
Having initially joined Suntel as assistant
manager, employee services in April 2006,
Kalum was promoted as the manager of
employee Services. Kalum obtained his B.Sc
in Special Human Resources Management
(Second Class Upper) from the University of
Sri Jayewardenepura and is currently
completing his M.Sc in HRM. He is also an
Associate Member of the Institute of
Personnel Management, Sri Lanka.
NIPPON-KEIDANREN International Cooperation
Center (NICC) is an organisation which
extends their support to develop and
strengthen employers' organisations, thereby
improving interaction between managers and
the employers in developing countries based
in Asia with a view to contribute to
ongoing economic growth in the associated
countries.
First Lankan at helm of Toastmasters'
The first Sri Lankan to ascend to the level
of District Governor, Toastmaster's
International Movement was appointed
recently at the South Asian Toastmasters'
Convention held in Bangalore.
"The Toastmaster's District 82 has come a
long way since the first partnership between
India and Sri Lanka, which were then
territorial councils, was penned in 2004. We
started with three divisions at Ovation 2006
in Colombo and then expanded to five
divisions in 2007. Now the Toastmasters
movement in this District will be expanding
to nine divisions. This growth of 300% in
two years is phenomenal. But it is only the
beginning of a mammoth challenge to empower
people by equipping people with the right
skills in this region," Arunasalam Balraj
said following his unanimous appointment as
District Governor of District 82, during
Ovation 2008 in Bangalore.
After having served as a "provisional
district" for two years, 2008 is the first
time that both India and Sri Lanka together
have become a fully fledged toastmaster's
district. This would pave the way for both
Indians and Sri Lankans to compete at the
Prestigious World Champion Speaker Contest
and open doors for better knowledge sharing
with access to global experts and more
learning modules.
Balraj aims to establish 50 new clubs
throughout India and Sri Lanka within the
next year.
"Our main target area is the young adults
who are graduating from universities or
coming out of schools. Those above 18 years
of age who have an average knowledge of
English but do not have a platform on which
to horn their communication and leadership
skills are the ones who can benefit most
from the unique educational approach of
Toastmasters," Balraj said.
"We have also expanded to the 12- 18 age
group with gavel clubs. There is tremendous
potential in this age group and it is
important to invest in them to build a
future work force that is already equipped
with the necessary skills," he added.
According to Balraj what is unique about the
Toastmaster's movement is that when compared
to the international setup which provides
learning skills TM is one of the most cost
effective programmes you can get into and
its effective philosophy of learning by
doing it.